The world’s only consulting detective; protagonist of all 60 Canon stories. Resides at 221B Baker Street with John Watson. Created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle; first appeared in A Study in Scarlet (1887).

Biographical facts (from the Canon)

  • Full name: Sherlock Holmes
  • Born: estimated 1854 (implied by various references)
  • Brother: Mycroft Holmes (older; even more gifted analytically but entirely sedentary)
  • Occupation: Consulting Detective — the only one in the world, as he frequently notes
  • Address: 221B Baker Street, London
  • Landlady: Mrs. Hudson
  • Retirement: keeps bees on the South Downs, Sussex (established in LION, VEIL)

Physical description

Tall, lean, hawk-faced; grey eyes; long fingers well-suited to violin and chemistry. Often described in a mouse-coloured dressing gown at Baker Street. His famous deerstalker and Inverness cape appear in illustrated versions but are never explicitly named in the text.

Character

  • Describes himself as a “high-functioning machine” — prizes reason over emotion
  • Plays violin at odd hours, sometimes well, sometimes experimentally
  • Uses cocaine (7% solution, injected) during periods of inactivity — Watson objects throughout; the habit is implied to have been overcome by the later stories
  • Has virtually no romantic life; Irene Adler (SCAN) is “the Woman” — the one who outwitted him; he admires her intellect, not as a romantic interest
  • Shows rare but intense emotion: most visibly when John Watson is shot in 3GAR (“You’re not hurt, Watson?“)

The Method

See Deductive Method for detail. Holmes observes minute physical details (tan lines, calluses, posture, dust, mud) and reasons from them to confident conclusions. He insists this is deduction but in logical terms it is closer to abduction (inference to best explanation).

Appearances in ingested texts

WorkRole
AdventuresCentral; all 12 stories
Sign of the FourCentral; cocaine subplot foregrounded
Hound of the BaskervillesCentral; notably absent from middle section (secret vigil on moor)
Case-BookCentral; narrates BLAN and LION himself; visibly ageing
Valley of FearCentral; most sustained treatment of Moriarty as adversary

Cross-references